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| Classic Head Quarter Eagle ： ウィキペディア英語版 |
Classic Head Quarter Eagle
The classic head $2.50 gold coin is an American coin, also called a Quarter Eagle, minted from 1834-1839.〔http://www.ngccoin.com/CoinDetail.aspx?ContentID=18&selectedLink=bibliography〕 It features Liberty on the obverse and an eagle on the reverse.
==Economic Conditions==
1834 witnessed tough economic times in the United States. President Andrew Jackson was opposed to the developing central bank of that era known as the Second Bank of the United States. His aim was to reform a system which took power away from the states and concentrated it in the hands of a few. He recognized the potential for abuse and manipulation that was not necessarily in the best interests of the United States. His attacks on the fledgling central bank served to erode their power despite the fact that their charter did not expire until 1836. This allowed the president to introduce banking reform which was officially passed by Congress in 1836. It was known as the Deposit Act.〔http://books.google.com/books?id=deRSo-SqPm4C&pg=PA143&lpg=PA143&dq=american+economy+1834&source=bl&ots=IOkfWBymeV&sig=4yAt2kc9UPe6c52nY3zqT-iVHOs&hl=en&ei=EZcPSpjOApSo8QTRzoyhBg&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1#PPA145,M1〕
In 1834, President Jackson began action to strengthen the U.S. economy. His goal was to retire the notes of the Bank of the United States prevalent in society at that time and to replace them with specie gold. In addition, he realized that the ratio between gold and silver must be adjusted if gold specie was to remain in circulation. At that time, the gold to silver ratio was 15:1 while in Europe, the ratio was 15.5:1. This led to the practice of melting down contemporary U.S. gold coins for profit because there was a slightly higher gold content than the face value. This practice led to significant coin rarities in the Capped Bust series of gold coins minted from 1808-1834.〔http://coinfacts.com/quarter_eagles/capped_bust_quarter_eagles/capped_bust_2-1_2_gold.html〕 Gold specie fineness was reduced from .9167 fine to .8992 fine and the gold to silver ratio was increased to 16:1. This action was extremely astute and ensured that the new $2.5 and $5 coins would remain in circulation. These were the first widely circulated gold coins in US history.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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